Association between Proinflammatory Cytokines and Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Parlindungan, Faisal; Hidayat, Rudy; Ariane, Anna; Shatri, Hamzah

Association between Proinflammatory Cytokines and Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Faisal Parlindungan^{1, *}, Rudy Hidayat¹, Anna Ariane¹, Hamzah Shatri²

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

² Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Psychosomatic and Palliative, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

Article Information

Identifiers and Pagination:

Year: 2023
Volume: 19
E-location ID: e174501792304261
Publisher ID: e174501792304261
DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230510-2022-34

Article History:

Received Date: 25/08/2022
Revision Received Date: 20/03/2023
Acceptance Date: 28/03/2023
Electronic publication date: 22/06/2023
Collection year: 2023

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© 2023 Parlindungan et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

^* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Tel: +6282230112172; E-mail: faisal.parlindungan@alumni.ui.ac.id

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have a greater prevalence of anxiety and depression. Proinflammatory cytokines are elevated in RA. We aim to evaluate the association between systemic inflammation in RA and anxiety and depression.

Methods:

There were 31 RA patients, 16 with active disease activity and 15 in remission state; they were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and for RA disease activity using Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) – CRP (C-reactive protein). Serum proinflammatory cytokines were measured, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α).

Results:

Among 31 patients, ten patients showed anxiety symptoms, 19 patients showed depression symptoms, and two displayed mixed symptoms. Serum TNF-α levels were significantly higher in active disease than in the remission group (p-value 0.006). There was no association or correlation between proinflammatory cytokines to anxiety and depression symptoms in the active disease and remission groups.

Conclusion:

This suggests that other factors besides disease activity and state of systemic inflammation may cause anxiety and depression in RA patients.

Keywords: Anxiety, Depression, Arthritis rheumatoid, Inflammation, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-17, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Association between Proinflammatory Cytokines and Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

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About the Editor

About the Journal

Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health

Journal Metrics

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Press Release

Professor Mauro Giovanni Carta Receives Honorary Membership of the National Academy of Medicine of Brazil

Bentham Open Welcomes Sultan Idris University of Education (UPSI) as Institutional Member

Ministry Of Health, Jordan joins Bentham Open as Institutional Member

Porto University joins Bentham Open as Institutional Member

Join Our Editorial Board

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