RESEARCH ARTICLE
First Onset in Adulthood of Mental Disorders: Exposure to War vs. Non-war Childhood Adversities: A National Study
Elie Karam1, 2, 3, *, Josleen Al Barathie1, Dahlia Saab1, Aimee Nasser Karam1, 2, 3, #, John Fayyad1, 2, 3, ѱ
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2023Volume: 19
E-location ID: e17450179216651
Publisher ID: e17450179216651
DOI: 10.2174/0117450179216651231106072824
Article History:
Received Date: 26/08/2023Revision Received Date: 16/10/2023
Acceptance Date: 24/10/2023
Electronic publication date: 13/11/2023
Collection year: 2023
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background:
There is evidence that some childhood trauma increases the risk of the first onset of mental disorders and for the first time into adulthood. There are no studies that assessed whether exposure to war has this delayed long-term effect.
Objectives:
To fill this gap by investigating the comparative roles of war and non-war trauma on the first onset of adulthood mood and anxiety disorders.
Methods:
A nationally representative sample of 2,857 Lebanese was assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. with the onset of exposure to trauma and of first onset of mood and anxiety disorders.
Results:
Non-war childhood traumata especially those belonging to family malfunctioning continue to exert their effect for the first time well beyond their occurrence as they were the most universal predictors for adult onset of both mood and anxiety disorders. War trauma during childhood predicted mood anxiety and mood (anxiety only in males) only below age 18 y. war childhood trauma predicts the first onset of mood and anxiety disorders before age 18 y in females, but only anxiety in males.
Conclusion:
Childhood traumata are not equal in predicting the first onset of mood and anxiety disorders into adulthood. Family malfunctioning looks to carry the longest such risk and war more of shorter immediate effects. This might change though with re-exposure to war in adulthood which might unravel dormant vulnerability.
