RESEARCH ARTICLE
Association between Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Depression among Middle-income Country Adults: Evidence from National Health Survey
Eduardo Lattari1, Andreza Jesus Costa Pascouto1, Bruno Ribeiro Ramalho Oliveira2, Livia Soares Silva1, 3, Aldair José Oliveira1, 3, Sérgio Machado4, 5, *, Geraldo Albuquerque Maranhao Neto6
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2021Volume: 17
First Page: 198
Last Page: 204
Publisher ID: CPEMH-17-198
DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010198
Article History:
Received Date: 04/6/2021Revision Received Date: 24/9/2021
Acceptance Date: 30/9/2021
Electronic publication date: 22/12/2021
Collection year: 2021
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Objective:
This study assessed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and depression in adults.
Methods:
A total of 52,611 individuals aged between 18-59 years old were evaluated for symptoms of depression and CRF. The presence of depressive symptoms was self-report through the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the CRF was predicted from a non-exercise equation. The association between CRF and the presence of depression was determined by crude and multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions.
Results:
The associations were identified between symptoms of depression and CRF in both unadjusted and adjusted models. After adjusting for age categories, sex, body mass index categories, educational level, marital status, smoking, and alcohol use, the individuals with moderate CRF had 18% lower odds of depression (OR: 0.82, CI 95%: 0.71 – 0.95) compared to individuals with low CRF.
Conclusion:
Depressive symptoms are inversely related to CRF levels in adults.