RESEARCH ARTICLE


Anxiety Status and Coping Strategies in Association with Sociodemographic Factors, Dietary and Lifestyle Habits in Greece



Maria Batsikoura1
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, Sofia Zyga2
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, Foteini Tzavella3
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, Athanasios Sachlas4
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, Andrea Paola Rojas Gil1, *
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1 Department of Nursing, Laboratory of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
2 Department of Nursing, Laboratory of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
3 Department of Nursing, Laboratory of Integrated Health Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
4 Department of Statistics and Insurance Science, University of Piraeus, Athens, Greece


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Creative Commons License
© 2021 Batsikoura et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Nursing, Laboratory of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty Health Sciences, Sehi Position, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, 22100, Greece; Tel: +306946331901;
E-mails: apaola71@yahoo.com.mx, arojas@uop.gr


Abstract

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nutritional habits, lifestyle, anxiety, and coping strategies.

Background:

Anxiety is an underestimated and often undiagnosed subclinical disorder that burdens the general public of modern societies and increases illness suscentibility.

Methods:

The study group consisted of 693 individuals living in Peloponnese, Greece. A standardized questionnaire that consists of the dietary habits and lifestyle questionnaire, the trait Anxiety STAI-X-2 questionnaire and the brief-COPE questionnaire, was used. Principal components analysis identified the factors from the questionnaires, and stepwise multivariate regression analysis investigated their relationships.

Results:

Weekly consumption of fruits, tomatoes, salads and lettuce, together with Εmotional/Ιnstrumental support, Denial/Behavioural disengagement, substance use and self-blame, was the most important predictors of anxiety scores. Positive reframing/Humour and Acceptance/Planning are also associated with the Positive STAI factor and decreased anxiety scores.

Conclusion:

Healthy nutritional habits, comprised of consumption of salads and fruits, together with adaptive coping strategies, such as Positive reframing/Humour and Active problem solving, may provide the most profound improvement in the anxiety levels of a healthy population in Peloponnese, Greece.

Keywords: Anxiety, Dietary habits, Coping strategies, Stress, Behaviour, Lifestyle.